Gynecological Conditions Common gynecological conditions include endometriosis, pelvic inflammatory disease, and uterine fibroids. Gynecological Cancer Cervical cancer is one type of gynecological cancer. It can be prevented by getting a routine, annual pelvic exam and Pap test. Gynecology Tests & Procedures Laparoscopy, pelvic ultrasound, and colposcopy are some of the more common tests and procedures available for assessing and treating gynecological conditions.